unittest

# Types of Testing
# ================
# Unit Testing:
#   - Tests individual components or functions in isolation.
#   - Ensures that each part of the code works correctly on its own.
#
# Integration Testing:
#   - Tests the interaction between different components or modules.
#   - Ensures that integrated parts of the application work together.
#
# Testing in Python
# =================
# unittest
#   - Built-in module in Python
#   - Provides a framework for writing and running tests.
#   - Inspired by the JUint framework from Java.
# pytest
#   - Third-party testing framework.
#   - Simple syntax, powerful features.
#   - Supports fixtures, parameterized testing, and plugins.

import unittest

class TestExample(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_add(self):
        self.assertEqual(1+1, 2)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

# Key Points:
# ===========
#   - Test Case: A class that inherits from unittest.TestCase to
#   define test methods.
#   - Assertions: Method like assertEqual that check conditions
#   and validate test outcomes.
#   - Execution: Use unittest.main() to automatically discover
#   and run tests when the script is executed directly.

# Output:
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.000s

OK